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L’EMNES (Réseau euroméditerranéen pour les études économiques) est un réseau d'instituts de recherche et de groupes de réflexion partenaires et associés opérant dans la région méditerranéenne.

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Bank Capital and the Cost of Equity - 25/11/2020

Publié en octobre 2020. Rédigé par Mohamed Belkhir, Ralph Chami, Sami Ben Naceur, Anis Samet Using a sample of publicly listed banks from 62 developed and developing, including MENA, countries over the 1991-2017 period, we investigate the impact of capital on banks’ cost of equity. We report the highest median cost of equity in...

Global Value Chains – Participation and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Egypt - 25/11/2020

Publié en septembre 2020. Rédigé par Giorgia Giovannetti, Giulio Vannelli Global Value Chains (GVCs) have become the predominant structure in world trade flows. They allow the specialisation of firms in very specific tasks, thus offering easier access to international markets. Developing countries may benefit from this...

Global Value Chains – Participation and Development Opportunities: Hints from the Product Space - 12/11/2020

Publié en septembre 2020. Rédigé par Giorgia Giovannetti, Giulio Vannelli The Economic Complexity (EC) approach (Hidalgo and Hausmann 2009) offers a path-breaking perspective into the study of economic development, by introducing new tools for economic analysis, such as the product space and sophistication indexes.

COVID-19 Policy Assessment Monitor: Mediterranean and Africa March – September 2020 - 12/11/2020

Publié en septembre 2020. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Giovanni Barci, Sara Ronco Amidst the disrupting circumstances resulting from the global pandemic COVID-19, this new study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Mediterranean and Africa, policy and economic responses to curb it and to...

Global Value Chains and Service Liberalisation: Do They Matter for Skill-Upgrading? - 12/11/2020

Publié en août 2020. rédigé par Marina Ehab, Chahir Zaki This study attempts to assess the effect of Global Value Chains (GVCs) and service liberalisation on skill-upgrading. It provides a bridge between two active literatures on GVCs and service liberalisation. Using comprehensive firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise...

Determinants of Export Pricing at the Firm-Level: Evidence from Egypt - 12/11/2020

Publié en août 2020. Rédigé par Yasmine Kamal The study explains the export pricing behaviour of Egyptian firms using detailed customs data. Firstly, it finds that more productive firms (as proxied by their importation of intermediate inputs and capital goods) charge higher export prices, which are correlated with higher...

Financial Inclusion: A New Multi-dimensional Index and Determinants - Evidence from the Union for the Mediterranean Countries - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Dorra Mezzez Hmaied, Rania Makni, Olfa Benouda Sioud, Soumaya Ben Khelifa This paper proposes a new multi-dimensional financial inclusion index based on a two-stage Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and aggregating indicators of availability, access and use. The paper first...

Financial inclusion in the Middle East and North Africa and its Effect on Unemployment - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. rédigé par Nooh Alshyab, Demeh Daradkah, Serena Sandri The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relationship between financial inclusion and unemployment for a sample of countries within the MENA. An index for financial inclusion, using Sarma (2008), has been estimated for Egypt,...

Digitalisation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Tunisian SMEs - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. rédigé par Rihab Bellakhal, Rim Ben Ayed Mouelhi Existing studies suggest that the level of digitalisation amongst Tunisian Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) is low. Tunisian SMEs lack the resources and capabilities needed to implement digital technologies. Furthermore, the literature argues that...

Morocco In Its Euro-Mediterranean space: Cradle of the Future - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. Rédigé par Abdelhak Azzouzi The objective of this policy paper is to develop the idea that Europe, in its regional relations, needs two model partner countries in the South, as in the East, to act as the locomotive for other countries. In a region full of turmoil, Morocco, through its various advances,...

The Impact of COVID-19 on Emerging Markets - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. Rédigé par Rwan El-Khatib, Anis Samet The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting global markets through unprecedented circumstances. Fears surrounding such a novel virus have led to dramatic market turbulence and massive falls in stock prices. In this paper, we explore the impact of COVID-19, in a comprehensive...

The asymmetric effects of twenty years of tariff reforms on Egyptian workers - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. Rédigé par Giorgia Giovannetti , Enrico Marvasi , Arianna Vivoli After more than two decades of trade liberalisation, faced with deep structural problems, which were exacerbated by the 2008 financial crisis and culminated in the 2011 Spring Revolution and change of government, in 2016 Egypt started to...

Assessing Regional Integration in the Euro-Mediterranean: A Multi-Dimensional Regional Integration Matrix EMEA Study - 02/11/2020

Publié en juillet 2020. rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Kostas Fragkiadakis, Leonidas Paroussos, Emanuele Sessa The developments in the Euro-Mediterranean region during the last decade highlight a trend towards more fragmentation, which is widening. The COVID-19 crisis put further pressure on the region and fundamentally questioned the...

Social Security in Arab Countries: A Regional Comparison of the Well-Being of Older People - 23/06/2020

Publié en avril 2020. Rédigé par Najat El Mekkaoui, Yeganeh Forouheshfar, John A. Turner Social protection systems reduce poverty and provide a safety net for the vulnerable. However, social protection is not a reality for a large majority of the world’s population. In 2016, 55 per cent – as many as 4 billion people – were not...

Mind the Measure: On the Effect of Anti-Dumping Investigations in Egypt - 23/06/2020

Publié en avril 2020. Rédigé par Nada Hazem, Chahir Zaki The Anti-Dumping Agreement of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) determines when governments can or cannot respond to dumping. Indeed, the latter happens when a company exports a product at a price lower than the price it charges to its own home market. While this tool...

A COVID-19 Severity Index - 23/06/2020

Publié en juin 2020. Rédigé par Moubarack Lô, Amaye Sy On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) qualified the Covid-19 virus, which originated in China in December 2019, as a pandemic, since on that date it had circulated across all continents and to the vast majority of countries worldwide.

The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Management: The Case of Morocco - 23/06/2020

Publié en juin 2020. rédigé par Salim Bounou, Gmira Maha, Slighoua Mounia, Benmoussa Othmane In the first part of this paper we attempt to underline the epidemiological fundamentals of SARS-CoV-2 before proposing a general model to be applied to the Moroccan case that, whilst highlighting the confinement policy measure adopted...

Blue Transition Policy Roadmap: Towards Transparent, Responsible, Inclusive and Sustainable (TRIS) Development in the Mediterranean - 19/05/2020

Publié en mars 2020. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Carlo Sessa This study describes a new strategic framework using the Three Horizons Methodology that engages experts, stakeholders and citizens in a participatory foresight exercise. Together they think ahead towards four entangled responsible transitions within the planetary system...

Covid-19 in the Mediterranean and Africa - 19/05/2020

Publié en avril 2020. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Samir Abdullah Ali, Nooh Alshyab, Kwame Sarpong Barnieh, Yacine Belarbi, Sandra Challita, Najat El Makkaoui, Kinga Konya, Rim Ben Ayed Mouelhi, Racha Ramadan, Serena Sandri, Mais Shaban, Sara Ronco and Chahir Zaki Amidst the disrupting circumstances resulting from the global pandemic...

Global value chains and the productivity of firms in mena countries : does connectivity matter? - 28/02/2020

Publié en janvier 2020. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Giorgia Giovannetti, Enrico Marvasi, Chahir Zaki. We provide new evidence on the participation of firms within Global Value Chains (GVCs) for a large pool of MENA countries included in the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES). Making use of several firm-level GVC participation...

Brain drain in southern mediterranean countries : evidence, challenges ans policies - 25/02/2020

Publié en février 2020. Rédigé par Mehtap Akgüç, Cinzia Alcidi and Mattia Di Salvo A review of the literature and the available data support the evidence that an increasing share of population outflows from the South Med region to the EU is individuals with tertiary education. In recent years, this has gone hand in hand with...

More Stabilisation or Better Allocation: Do Macroeconomic Policies Matter for Employment? - 25/02/2020

Publié en décembre 2019. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Rafik Selim, Chahir Zaki This paper analyses the effect of macroeconomic policies on employment. It contributes to the literature in three ways.

Syria in the dark: estimating the economic consequences of the civil war through satellite-derived night lights - 25/02/2020

Publié en février 2020. Rédigé par Giorgia Giovannetti, Elena Perra. This paper examines the impact of the War on Syria’s economy from the perspective of outer space, by-passing the issue of data availability due to the inaccessibility of the war-ravaged territory.

Disentangling the impact of trade barriers on wages : evidence from the MENA region - 17/12/2019

Publié en novembre 2019. Rédigé par Nora Aboushady, Yasmine Kamal, Chahir Zaki In this paper, we use the IMF’s Financial Access Survey data and two different approaches to construct a multidimensional financial inclusion index for a global sample of 95 countries over 2004-15.

More Stabilisation or Better Allocation: Do Macroeconomic Policies Matter for Employment? - 17/12/2019

Publié en novembre 2019. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Rafik Selim, Chahir Zaki. This paper analyses the effect of macroeconomic policies on employment. It contributes to the literature in three ways. First, we examine the effect of macroeconomic policies on employment. Second, we distinguish between stabilisation policies and...

Youth Unemployment in Algeria and Discouraged Workers effects - 04/11/2019

Publié en février 2019. Rédigé par Felix Appler, Moundir Lassassi This work asks whether the unemployment rate in Algeria should be calculated to also include young people who say they want to work but have not recently searched for a job, especially regarding labour market policies that are meant to appease a young population.

Innovative nascent and early stage entrepreneurship in the southern mediterranean - 04/11/2019

Publié en avril 2019. Rédigé par Serena Sandri, Nooh Ashyab, Elyas Azzioui This study builds on the result of in-depth interviews conducted over a sample of 72 innovative nascent and early stage entrepreneurs in Jordan and Morocco and, herewith, provides an overview of the main characteristics of innovative startups and young...

Descriptive analysis of the entrepreneurship ecosystem in egypt from a start-up perspective - 04/11/2019

Publié en avril 2019. Rédigé par Heba Zaki, Nahed Zeini The purpose of this paper is to present a descriptive analysis of start-ups in Egypt and the related ecosystem, relying on a unique survey.

Financial Development and Employment: New Evidence - 04/11/2019

Publié en mai 2019. Rédigé par Rym Ayadi, Sami Ben Naceur, Mohamed Goaied This paper adds to the existing literature on finance and growth, by exploring the effect of finance on the labour market, using data on 143 countries from 1995 to 2015. We also examine whether the impact of financial development on labour is...

EMNES Activity Report 2015-2019 - 15/07/2019

Publié en juillet 2019. Rédigé par Emnes. The Euro-Mediterranean Network for Economic Studies (EMNES) is a collaborative and innovative regional network of economic and policy research institutions and think tanks from 19 countries of the Mediterranean and beyond working towards a renewed vision for socio-economic development...

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